关于雾霾的英语5条建议

haze smog

国内的多家英语报纸网站都刊载了大量有关雾霾锁城的报道。我们先来看看它们上面的新闻标题吧。像《中国日报》、《上海日报》等媒体刊登了诸如“Air clears but haze threat remains”、“City fog alert removed, haze may ease”、“How to avoid the danger from heavy haze”、“Colder air arrives with gusts and pollution haze”、“Cold front to disperse haze in cities”、“China environmentalists slam inaction over smog”、“Cities hit hard by smog”、“All must strive hard to combat smog”等标题。从这些报道中，我们发现haze和smog使用都比较频繁，但前者的频率显然要高一些。那么哪个词才是雾霾确切的对应词呢？

根据《英汉大词典》的解释，表示天气意思的haze有两个译名，即霾和烟雾，而smog虽然也被译作烟雾，但它通常指工业地区排出的烟与雾的混合体。这样看来，haze与雾霾对应比较合理。这从这两个词的英文释义中也能看出来。《新牛津英语词典》给haze和smog提供的释义分别为“a slight obscuration of the lower atmosphere, typically caused by fine suspended particles”和“fog or haze intensified by smoke or other atmospheric pollutants”。由此可见，haze是由细小的悬浮颗粒引起的，而smog是指受烟或其他大气污染物影响的雾或霾。所以我们有时可以把smog当作是haze的一种。

就haze的用法而言，它通常与thick、dense等形容词连用，表示较为严重的雾霾。《时代周刊》在12月5日就以“China\'s Eastern Coast Blanketed in Toxic Haze”（有毒雾霾笼罩中国东部沿海）为标题，报道了席卷华东地区的重度雾霾。至于smog，它也可以由一些形容词来修饰，如dense、choking（令人窒息的）、noxious（有毒的）等等。

《牛津英语大词典》把haze最早出现的年份追溯到1706年，它当时的意思是“浓雾”。这比1582年出现的形容词hazy要晚一百多年，由此haze是个典型的逆构词。约翰逊博士在1755年的《英语大词典》中也收录了haze一词，他把它解释为“fog；mist”。想必到了19世纪的中下叶，随着工业污染的加剧，haze才有了如今的意思。其实后来haze还获得了其他的多层意思，如“雾气”、“迷糊”以及用作动词的“欺凌”等。

smog是个拼合词，由smoke和fog构成。既然它是工业污染的产物，所以它出现的时间要晚很多。《柯林斯英语词典》给出的时间段是C20，也就是较为宽泛的20世纪；《牛津英语大词典》中的首现年份是1905年。这个词公认的创造者是一名叫做德沃的医生。他在一篇题为“Fog and Smoke”的会议论文中使用了smog一词，后来伦敦的一份报纸引用了他的话，由此smog作为描述当时伦敦大雾的最佳词语被传播了开来。奇怪的是，美国的韦氏词典居然把smog的首现年份定在1884年。1957年，英语中还出现了一个由smog构成的复合词，即photochemical smog（通常译作“光化烟雾”或“光化学污染”）。英语新词中也有一个由smog构成的复合词——data smog。这个首现于1993年的词语，有被译作“信息烟尘”，也有被直译成“数据烟雾”，通常指通过网络检索所得到的多得难以应对的信息。

关于雾霾的英语作文

　北方的雾霾越来越严重了，2017年的第一天，北京迎来的就是雾霾，有网友说甚至比上次红警还要严重。下面是我整理的关于雾霾的英语作文。

雾霾英语作文1

　Recently, haze weather has become a daily one right here in a large part of China. People are forced to wear the mask to avoid breathing poisonous air. So it is necessary to find out the reasons which lead to that and work out the resolution. If we trace the cause of haze weather, the main points are as follows. First, China?s air quality standards are rather lax and evaluation factors are limited, so you will see that current air appraisal system has defects. Second, some people just go for economic interests instead of turning out products according to relevant laws and regulations. They tend to use obsolete equipment in which they are likely to emit a great deal of wasted air. Third,across our society, relevant protection awareness has not been built up so that people haven?t formed a habit of using green product and saving energy as much as possible. Nowadays, people rely more and more on travelling and working by car. It is well known that automobile exhaust is the main reason for the haze weather.

　To settle this problem, a series of measures should be taken as follows. First, we should strengthen air monitor to lower the levels of small particulate pollutants. Second, we should enact more strict laws and regulations and keep perfecting our current law on environmental protection to regulate people?s daily actions and the industrial production and punish those factories that ignore the protection and keep emitting dangerous materials that cause haze. Third, we should develop green and energy-saving energy to lower the emission of haze and improve air quality.

　As far as I am concerned, if we work together to be able to take such measures, our environment will get better and better and haze weather will vanish gradually.

　参考译文：

　最近,阴霾的天气已经蔓延在中国大部分地区。人们不得不戴上面罩,避免呼吸有毒空气。因此我们有必要找出导致雾霾产生的原因并找到对策,如果我们调查雾霾天气的形成原因，主要有以下几点：首先是因为中国的空气质量标准不严格，评估因素有限所导致的。所以你会发现当前空气评估体系有缺陷。第二,有些人只是追求经济利益,而不按照有关法律和规定生产产品。他们倾向于使用过时的会发出大量的废气的\'老旧设备。第三,在我们的社会中,相关保护意识还没有建立起来,人们没有形成使用绿色产品和节能的习惯，当今，越来越多的人们旅行和工作都依赖于汽车,而解决雾霾天气的关键就是汽车。

　解决雾霾问题应采取一系列措施：首先,我们应该加强空气监测，降低微小颗粒污染物。其次,我们应该制定更加严格的法律法规，不断完善我们目前的环境保护法。我们应规范人们日常行为和工场的生产行为，制定好违反工厂排放规定，继续排放废气的惩罚措施。第三,我们应该发展绿色和节能能源，从而降低烟雾的排放，提高空气质量。

　就我看来,如果我们能够共同采取如上的措施,我们的环境将变得越来越好,雾霾的天气将逐渐消失。

雾霾英语作文二

　Haze is air pollution in which is mixed up with dust, smoke and other dry particles ,and it obscure the clarity of the sky and interacts with the natural environment.

　This kind of air pollutant come from a variety of natural and manmade sources. Natural sources can include windblown dust, and soot from wildfires. Manmade sources can include motor vehicles, and industrial fuel burning, and manufacturing operations. The one of the main cause that touches off haze is manufacturing operations. Many factories were over measure produced the smog that had over the standard and the smog seriously influence the air become air pollution.The components that make up haze may have negative effect on people\'s health especially that of the children and the elderly. Also not excluded are those who have certain diseases such as asthma, allergy, and pneumonia and lung disease. Workers working in the open air have a high risk in their health.

　One of effective solutions to help eliminate haze is to make some chemistry changes during the manufacturing process,so it could reduce harmful emissions which are produced by manufacturing operations

　参考译文：

　阴霾是空气污染和灰尘,烟雾和其他干燥粒子,它掩盖了清晰的天空,与自然环境进行交互。

　这种空气污染物来自各种自然和人为来源。天然来源可以包括风沙、烟尘从森林大火。人为来源可以包括机动车辆、工业燃料燃烧和制造业务。触动了烟雾的主要原因之一是制造业务。许多工厂测量产生的烟雾对标准和烟雾严重影响空气成为空气污染。

　雾霾危害:　组件构成烟雾可能对人们的健康有负面影响特别是儿童和老人。也不排除是某些疾病如哮喘、过敏、肺炎和肺部疾病。工人工作在露天有很高的风险在他们的健康。

　解决方法 :　一个有效的解决方案,帮助消除烟雾是让一些化学变化在制造过程中,所以它能减少有害排放产生的制造业务。

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